Bugging the cactus: NT Government launches cholla Bug to combat coral cactus in Tennant Creek
The Northern Territory Government has released the Dactylopius tomentosus "cholla" bug in Tennant Creek to tackle the invasive coral cactus (Cylindropuntia fulgida). Led by Gerald Danao from the Weed Science Team, alongside John Byrne and Greg Doddrell from Operations, this marks the first release of the cholla bug in the NT.
The coral cactus, originally from the Americas, was introduced to Australia primarily for ornamental purposes and as part of attempts to establish a cochineal/cholla dye industry. However, it has since become a significant invasive threat, particularly in the arid regions.
Efforts to control coral cactus using mechanical and chemical methods have been ongoing since the 1970s, however, the cactus continues to cause problems in the Tennant Creek Region. In South Africa, two varieties—chain-fruit cholla and coral cactus—were brought under control by the cholla bug biotype of D. tomentosus in 2008. This biotype, sourced from South America, has proven highly effective and was later introduced to Australia through Biosecurity Queensland and New South Wales Government. It reduced cactus infestations by up to 98% in these places.
It is hopeful that the cholla bugs will significantly reduce coral cactus in Tennant Creek. If successful, the NT Government will expand its use across the NT, collaborating with local property managers to help restore ecosystems affected by the cactus.
Acknowledgement: Special thanks to Dr Andrew McConnachie of the New South Wales Government for providing the specimens and to Prakash Gaudel of Berrimah Farm Science Precinct, NT Government, for the use of the microscope camera.
